Category: Daily Dispatch

  • Previn, Carol, and a General’s Musical Mishap

    Previn, Carol, and a General’s Musical Mishap

    Last week, when writing my memorial to Norman Carol – longtime concertmaster of the Philadelphia Orchestra, who died on April 28 – I recollected reading an anecdote André Previn shared in his book “No Minor Chords” (Doubleday, 1991), an amusing memoir, largely about Previn’s experiences in Hollywood, where seemingly no one in charge knew anything about music (hence the mocking title, taken from a memo handed down by producer Irving Thalberg, “No music in an MGM film is to contain a minor chord”).

    Previn was hired by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in 1946 while still in high school. MGM was “looking for somebody who was talented, fast, and cheap and, because I was a kid, I was all three,” he mused. He worked as a session musician, arranger, and composer, cutting his teeth supplying cues for Lassie movies. He would go on to write music for 50 films, was nominated for 11 Academy Awards, and won four. In 1960, he received three nominations in a single year! But Previn never took the movie biz too seriously and eventually he left it all behind to pursue a career in classical music.

    He was drafted into the military during the Korean War, and beginning in 1951, while stationed with the Sixth Army Band in San Francisco, he began conducting lessons with Pierre Monteux, then music director of the San Francisco Symphony. The particular passage I was thinking of is about the time he and Carol served together at the Presidio. I’ve been wanting to look it up, so this morning I finally took the book down from the shelf, and of course there’s no index. Thankfully, it’s a lean and entertaining 148 pages, so it didn’t take long for me to find what I was looking for.

    Sobering to think that both these gentlemen are gone now.

    Beginning on page 47:

    I made friends with Norman Carol, another musician stationed at the Presidio. He was even then a most remarkable violinist. Shortly after his discharge from the army he became concertmaster of the Philadelphia Orchestra, a distinguished position he has now held for thirty-odd years. But back in 1951, neither one of us could have laid claim to the adjective “distinguished” by the wildest stretch of the imagination. Whenever it was possible, we would commandeer a piano and play sonatas for our own pleasure, and I remember quite a few evenings at officers’ clubs, trying to make some Viennese bonbons audible over the hubbub.

    Norman and I were summoned to appear at the office of the reigning two-star general one day. We absolutely could not figure out why. Our small transgressions of the rules were definitely not worthy of generals, and neither of us could come up with a reason to receive a medal. So we shined our boots, pressed our wrinkled ties, and polished our belt buckles, hoping that our smart appearance might lessen whatever blow was to be aimed at us. The general was feeling chatty. “I’m told you two can play the fiddle and the piano pretty good,” he said. “Well, in two weeks’ time there’s going to be a huge meeting of heads of state here in Frisco; Truman is coming, and so are the Russians, the English, the French, and everybody else. After the meetings are over, there’s gonna be a big blowout at the Palace Hotel, and I want you to play for a half hour or so. Understood?”

    We nodded rapidly. Yes, we understood. We thank the general, sir. We’ll do our best, sir, yes indeed. We saluted and backed away from the desk, treading on each other’s feet and bumping into a map case. When we got to the door, the general said rather sharply, “Oh, there’s one thing I forgot. You mustn’t play anything recognizably national. Nothing American or Russian or French or English. Understood?”

    We looked at one another. Obviously this request was both loony and impossible to fulfill. My misplaced compulsion for jokes surfaced. “If the general agrees,” I said winningly, “we could play a long Swiss medley.”

    Not a blink, not a smile was forthcoming. That’ll be fine. See to it,” and the general turned away from us. Silently we went outside. Once we were on the street, Norman turned on me. “You moron,” he started, “you asshole, what are we going to do now? A Swiss medley, you jerk! Name me some Swiss composers except Bloch and Frank Martin! We’ll be court-martialed!”

    I calmed him down. “Nobody’ll be listening, Norman,” I said with confidence, “and if by chance anyone does listen, what makes you think they’ll recognize the music? As it turned out, I was right. The ballroom of the Palace Hotel was live with bunting and flags, the guests were representative of the world’s power, and they were not interested in the two GIs on a small corner platform, assaying Brahms, Debussy, and Prokofiev. We ate a lot of very good food, drank a glass or two of wine, and ogled the great and powerful. Our general passed, retinue in tow. This was one night when he was outranked, but he was very scary to us. He gave us the briefest of glances and smiled a smile which never reached his eyes.

    “Well done, boys,” he said. “Carry on.”


    My post about Norman Carol here:

    https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=1297416914510702&set=a.883855802533484

  • Carlos Chávez Rediscovered Mexico’s Musical Titan

    Carlos Chávez Rediscovered Mexico’s Musical Titan

    In these days when the industry seems to be doing its damnedest to sideline classical music and even physical media (the “vinyl revival” aside), it’s not unusual for the major labels to undervalue their considerable treasures to the extent of just dumping them out onto the market in cheaply-priced boxed sets. Many of these package their individual discs in cardboard sleeves that replicate the original LP cover art and program notes (albeit microscopically), with an accompanying booklet containing frustratingly minimal information. Even so, I must say, it’s nice, from both a collector’s and classical music-lover’s perspective, to be able to own the material!

    Characteristically, this set of recordings by Carlos Chávez was issued last year with little or no fanfare. At least none that I could perceive, and you know I’m all over the internet and music magazines. It was released last May, and I only happened across it, purely by chance, online in January. Of course, I ordered it immediately. I’ve been making it a point to listen to everything attentively over the past week, thinking I would write up some of my thoughts for Cinco de Mayo.

    Granted, the music of Carlos Chávez is perhaps not for everyone, but I confess this is one of those sets that made my heart skip a beat. I didn’t know some of these recordings even existed!

    To give an idea of the significance of Chávez to Mexican music, pour Aaron Copland, Leonard Bernstein, and perhaps William Schuman or Howard Hanson into a margarita machine. Not that Chávez’s music sounds like any of these. At his most populist, he is closest to Copland, but when he truly flexes his modernist muscle, he looks across the States to Europe, where he assimilates the lessons of the world’s 20th century masters, but always on his own terms. How Chávez most resembles the Americans I cite is as his country’s most significant composer, conductor, and music educator. (Schuman was president of Juilliard, and Hanson headed the Eastman School for some 40 years.)

    Unsurprisingly, Copland and Chávez were very good friends. The earliest of these recordings date from 1938, the year Copland introduced “El Salón México” (written during an extended stay in the country and given its debut with Chávez conducting). It was Copland’s watershed work that led to his greatest successes and his most characteristic sound. The folk song “La paloma azul” (“The Blue Dove”) is included in the set, in Chávez’s arrangement, and is immediately recognizable as one of the tunes assimilated by Copland.

    I would love Chávez forever if he had composed only his “Sinfonía India” – tuneful, evocative, expansive in spirit (if concise in structure), immediate, and joyous. It’s also full of good, memorable folk tunes and indigenous percussion. Most significant for American music, it points the way for Copland’s western scores. Never have the native instruments sounded so authoritative as in these recordings. I wonder if this would now be considered cultural appropriation? Back then, it would have been regarded as musicology. More often than not, the set’s performances employ Mexican musicians. How many of them are “Indian” is anyone’s guess.

    In the collection’s earliest recordings, the mono sound only lends the works a more modernist edge. The 1940 audio is impressive. The two tracks from 1938 are wonderful for Chávez cognoscenti, but I would recommend getting to know the music first from the later stereo recordings, also included in the set. Over all, the sound lacks for nothing for those of us who grew up in the era of stereo LPs. Just don’t go into it expecting state-of-the-art digital recording.

    For Cinco de Mayo, my recommendation would be to start with the recordings of the populist and indigenous selections on CD 2, in stereo. Once the tequila begins to take effect, you can move on to the mono on CD 1. Then when you’re really starting to feel it, advance to the symphonies. (All six of them are here.) Beside the Symphony No. 2 (the “Sinfonía India”), they may seem a little demanding. But you might find yourself quickly warming to some of them. Some may remain tougher nuts. Throughout every one of them, Chávez retains a distinctive voice.

    When you’re on the verge of blackout, that’s when you should put on the ballet “Pirámide.” It’s rare that Chávez ever conjures the mescaline visions of his compatriot Silvestre Revueltas, but this one is a real trip!

    The disc devoted to “Soli,” chamber music for various combinations of winds and brass instruments, recalls Revueltas’ “Ocho por radio,” though none of the works are as concise or as perky. For me, “Soli I,” the shortest, is also the most successful, but if you’re in the right frame of mind, there’s plenty more modernism to chew over in Nos. II & IV.

    A big surprise is Chávez’s Violin Concerto, with the Polish-Mexican violinist Henryk Szeryng. While not overtly melodic in the manner of the grand Romantic concertos, it is lyrical and structurally fascinating. Its four movements are played without break. The scherzo is cast as a theme and variations, and the finale reprises most of the material laid out in the first movement, in inversion! The soloist plays almost continuously, and the seven-minute cadenza falls in the middle of the piece where you would least expect it.

    Chavez’s creative trajectory ranges from Romantic Nationalist to Modernist Nationalist. Which is to say, you can take the composer out of Mexico, but you can’t take Mexico out of the composer. Nor can you erase his fingerprints. But beyond some of the populist stuff, there is no way he should be reduced to a mere purveyor of picture postcards. Chávez was a composer of international stature, and you can tell by his music that Mexico City was no musical backwater. As a conductor, he imported all the major composers of his day, and he interacts with all the latest trends in his own music (except, on the evidence of this set, serialism).

    By the time we get to selections from the ballet “Pirámide,” recorded in 1973, we are entering avant-garde territory. How fascinating that, on its LP release, this was on the flip side of Copland’s complete recording of “Appalachian Spring!” Here, Chávez conducts the London Symphony Orchestra and Ambrosian Singers.

    By the end of the seven discs, you will be well-familiar with Chávez’s “Sinfonía India,” the equally concise, though more severe “Sinfonía de Antígona” (his Symphony No. 1, derived from incidental music written for a Jean Cocteau production of “Antigone”), his “Xochipilli” (speculative Aztec music), and his arrangement of Buxtehude’s Chaconne (a real crowd pleaser in the mold of Stokowski’s “Toccata and Fugue”), as well as Blas Galindo’s “Sones de Mariachi,” all of which Chávez recorded twice for Columbia Records.

    Not everything Chávez ever recorded is here. I have his Piano Concerto on another label (originally issued on Westminster with pianist Eugene List) and his “Sinfonía India” (of course) and Symphonies 1 & 4 on Everest (with the Stadium Orchestra of New York), but presumably these are the complete Columbia recordings, as advertised.

    What strikes me about Chávez’s music, in whatever creative period, is that it is crafted with great integrity. At every point does it stand toe-to-toe with any art music being produced anywhere in the world at that time – which is to say that it puts most everything written today in the shade.

    Again, not for everyone. If your taste for 20th century music stops with Rachmaninoff, you might just want to sample what you can find on YouTube. (Start with “Sinfonía India,” but then try some of the other symphonies before purchasing.) However, if you’re fairly serious about 20th century classical music, this is definitely worth the layout, which is probably about the price of a Cinco de Mayo dinner out, with a pitcher of margaritas.

    ¡Viva Carlos Chávez!


    “Sinfonía India”

    “La paloma azul”

    Violin Concerto

    Blas Galindo, “Sones de mariachi”

    “Pirámide,” Act IV

    Buxtehude, Chaconne in E minor

    “Xochipilli”

    Complete contents with sound clips

    https://www.sonyclassical.com/releases/releases-details/carlos-chavez-the-complete-columbia-album-collection

  • Cinco de Mayo Estrellita Joshua Bell

    Cinco de Mayo Estrellita Joshua Bell

    For Cinco de Mayo, here’s a lovely performance (at the link below) of Manuel Ponce’s “Estrellita,” with soprano Larisa Martínez and her husband, violinist Joshua Bell. I recently learned the couple will appear at McCarter Theatre Center in Princeton on May 28.

    I’m sure Mexican-Americans must dread our Cinco de Mayo celebrations as much as the Irish do our St. Patrick’s Day, but some of us mean well. Keep an eye out for my more ambitious post about composer-conductor-educator Carlos Chávez, coming soon!

  • Mexican Music Cinco de Mayo Radio Show KWAX

    Mexican Music Cinco de Mayo Radio Show KWAX

    This week on “The Lost Chord,” it’s all Mexican music on the eve of Cinco de Mayo. We’ll hear a fun solfeggio piece (“Sol-fa de Pedro”) by the baroque composer Manuel de Zumaya. Zumaya, born in Mexico around 1678, is believed to have written the first opera in the western hemisphere. He became chapel master of Mexico City Cathedral in 1715.

    Blas Galindo is best known in the United States for the evocative “Sones de Mariachi.” But he composed over 150 works, including seven ballets. One of these was “La Manda,” or “The Vow,” written in 1951. The scenario is a bit of downer, about an ailing wife on a pilgrimage who believes she is losing her husband to another woman, but the music is full of distinct nationalist character.

    Manuel Ponce is one of Mexico’s most famous composers. He’s probably best recognized for his guitar music, thanks to his association with Andrés Segovia. Less frequently heard is his Violin Concerto of 1942. We’ll have the soloist who gave the work its premiere, Henryk Szeryng, in a recording made some forty years later.

    Pour yourself a Corona, mix up some guacamole, and enjoy “Mayo My,” Mexican music for Cinco de Mayo, on “The Lost Chord,” now in syndication on KWAX, the radio station of the University of Oregon!


    Remember, KWAX is on the West Coast, so there’s a three-hour difference for those of you listening in the East. Here are the respective air-times for all three of my recorded shows (with East Coast conversions in parentheses):

    PICTURE PERFECT, the movie music show – Friday on KWAX at 5:00 PM PACIFIC TIME (8:00 PM EASTERN)

    SWEETNESS AND LIGHT, the light music program – ALL NEW! – Saturday on KWAX at 8:00 AM PACIFIC TIME (11:00 AM EASTERN)

    THE LOST CHORD, unusual and neglected rep – Saturday on KWAX at 4:00 PM PACIFIC TIME (7:00 PM EASTERN)

    Stream all three, at the times indicated, by following the link!

    https://kwax.uoregon.edu/

  • Star Wars Day John Williams on KWAX

    Star Wars Day John Williams on KWAX

    Looking for a good start to your “Star Wars Day?” Meet your recommended daily allowance of John Williams’ music by joining me for no less than 12 selections from the principal feature films of the “Star Wars” saga.

    The original “Star Wars” actually opened on May 25, 1977. But why let historical accuracy get in the way of a good pun? May the Fourth be with you!

    Strap yourselves in – we’re ready to make the jump to “Sweetness and Light” speed, this Saturday morning at 11:00 EDT/8:00 EDT, exclusively on KWAX, the radio station of the University of Oregon!

    Stream it, wherever you are, at the link:

    https://kwax.uoregon.edu/

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