• Paganini Devil’s Violinist or Genius

    Paganini Devil’s Violinist or Genius

    by 

    in
    One response

    Did Niccolò Paganini sell his soul to the Devil? At the very least, he must have leased it.

    Paganini, born on this date in 1782, is often stated to have been the greatest violinist who ever lived. He took up the mandolin at the age of 5, and was playing his first fiddle by 7. His professional career began at 15, when he embarked on his first solo tour.

    In an era teeming with extraordinary violinists, Paganini transcended them all. In fact, so far did he outstrip his peers, there were rumblings that, if he himself had not bargained his soul, then surely his mother must have.

    At 13, he was sent to study with renowned violinist Alessandro Rolla. Rolla quickly ascertained that there was nothing he could teach this terrifying prodigy. So he referred him to his own teacher, Ferdinando Paer, who in turn handed him up the ladder to his teacher, Gasparo Ghiretti.

    Despite Paganini’s preternatural talent, his early success began to take its toll. Almost immediately, he suffered a nervous breakdown and began drinking heavily. He also became a prodigious gambler and a prolific womanizer.

    Combined with his uncanny abilities as a performer, his flamboyant lifestyle laid the foundation for the Paganini legend. It was said he once murdered a woman and used her intestines to string his violin, so that her imprisoned soul could be heard screaming as he played. Some claimed that sulfur could be smelled during his performances. Another swore that he saw the Devil standing beside him. Yet another, that he was the Devil himself. Paganini doppelgangers began to appear, bearing horns and hooves. Once, lightning struck the end of his bow as he played. Or so the stories went.

    And if you saw Paganini, you’d probably believe it was all true. He was tall and thin, with hollow cheeks and pale skin, thin-lipped and adorned in black. His pallid hand, with unusually long, flashing fingers, raced hypnotically up and down the strings of his violin like an enormous, acrobatic spider. Its unusual span and uncanny flexibility have been attributed in modern times to genetic irregularities, Marfan’s syndrome, and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Or perhaps he simply sold his soul to the devil.

    Paganini’s skills on the violin were unparalleled. It’s said that he could play twelve notes per second. He performed without sheet music, contorted, and swung wildly about the stage. His outlandish mannerisms earned him the nickname “Rubber Man.”

    Already sickly for most of his life, he contracted syphilis in 1822. This was treated with mercury, which led to further issues. In 1834, he contracted tuberculosis. He recovered, but retired from the stage later that year, at the age of 54. He spent his last years teaching.

    Shortly before his death, of larynx cancer, at 57 in 1840, a priest arrived to administer last rites, but Paganini turned him away. It might have been because he was convinced he wasn’t going to die. Or it could have been because of… something else.

    Paganini’s final tour was posthumous. When the Church refused to bury his body in consecrated ground, it was sent around Europe for the next four years, where it lay in state. When burial was still denied, it spent a year in a cellar. Then it was taken to a leper house. After that, it was moved to a cement vat in an olive factory. Then to a private house. Finally, Pope Gregory XVI allowed Paganini’s remains to be laid to rest in La Villetta Cemetery in Parma.

    Niccolò Paganini was a Romantic icon, with a capital “R.” Hector Berlioz, himself no slouch in the seething Romantic department, wrote “Harold in Italy” so that Paganini could show off his new viola. Paganini didn’t think the solo part was flashy enough, and though he came eventually to admire the piece, he never actually played it. Even so, he continued to help Berlioz financially during his later years. He also became a good friend of Rossini.

    Numerous other composers were inspired by Paganini’s own music. Liszt, another kindred spirit, who modeled his own concert persona after Paganini’s, wrote a set of “Paganini Etudes.” And how many composers have written sets of variations on Paganini’s famous 24th Caprice? Franz Lehár even wrote an operetta, highly fictionalized, about a romance between the virtuoso and Napoleon’s sister, Princess Anna Elisa.

    Whether or not you believe the legends, Paganini sure could play like the Devil. Happy birthday, Niccolò Paganini, wherever you are!


    Alexander Markov plays Paganini’s 24th Caprice

    Ruggiero Ricci plays all of them

    Claudio Arrau plays Liszt’s “Paganini Etude No. 6”

    Liszt’s “Paganini Etudes,” complete (the only live performance on YouTube)

    Rachmaninoff, “Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini,” at the Proms, with Stephen Hough the soloist (the famous 18th Variation appears 15 minutes in)

    Brahms, “Variations on a Theme by Paganini,” played by Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uy3miJmU-dk

    Boris Blacher, “Orchestral Variations on a Theme by Paganini”

    Witold Lutoslawski, “Paganini Variations,” with Argerich and Kissin

    From Lehár’s “Paganini”

    Alfredo Casella, “Paganiniana”

    Paganini’s Violin Concerto No. 2 “La campanella” (with its famous “little bell” finale beginning around 19 minutes in)


  • Oliverson’s Joyful Dvořák Shines

    Oliverson’s Joyful Dvořák Shines

    by 

    in
    3 responses

    I wonder if it’s a truism that when violinist Aubree Oliverson is happy, she plays well. Because on the two occasions I’ve seen her, she’s exuded joy and played very well indeed. Last night, she followed her bliss in the Dvořák Violin Concerto on the first of two concerts presented this weekend by the Princeton Symphony Orchestra.

    Last year, I had a few quibbles about her take on the Tchaikovsky concerto, as I thought it lacked emotional depth, but I can’t deny that it was an exuberant performance. Just not sure that Tchaikovsky is always the most exuberant composer. Melancholy and angst don’t appear to be in Oliverson’s vocabulary. She takes the microphone before a performance and offers a brief, sunny anecdote about her first encounter with the work she’s about to play, and it’s evident from the first note that none of that giddy sense of discovery has waned. (Oliverson is still only in her 20s.) But perhaps in my 50s, I err too far in the other direction.

    Dvořák seems to be a better fit for her. For sure, there is plenty of drama and wistfulness in the piece, but also lots of cheer and abundant charm in its Czech-inflected melodies and rhythms. Performer and music were as one in the buoyant final movement. I wish all good things for Oliverson. At her age, I was already a bitter fellow (though not at the expense of heart and humor).

    Even in her encore, Olivia Marckx’s arrangement of Joseph Kosma’s melancholy standard, “Autumn Leaves,” there was little sense of heartbreak and instead a lot of jazzy playfulness.

    Here’s an Oliverson performance compilation I found on YouTube. You can get a taste of her Dvořák as it’s the third selection. Her playing sells itself. In person, she is a ball of positive energy.

    The second half of the program was devoted to Arnold Schoenberg’s orchestration of Johannes Brahms’ Piano Quartet No. 1 in G minor. The work is more fun if you’re familiar with the Brahms in its original incarnation (which the PSO presented on a chamber music concert on Thursday night). Schoenberg’s impression of Brahms is a bit like Rich Little’s impressions of most people who aren’t George Burns – you chuckle more because you recognize who they’re supposed to be than for their uncanny accuracy.

    But in Schoenberg’s case, I’m not sure that’s even entirely the point. Schoenberg complained once in a letter to critic Alfred Frankenstein that the quartet is “always very badly played,” with the piano frequently overwhelming the strings. (That was not the case on Thursday night.) “I wanted to hear everything – and this I achieved.” So you say, Arnie. But there are times in Schoenberg’s orchestrations of other composers’ music, and not just here, that everything just turns to clotted cream.

    The work is at its most pleasing when it emulates Brahms’ style. I was grateful for the sense of spaciousness achieved in the outer sections of the third movement, for instance, when the strings are allowed to breathe and the woodwinds offer touches of expressive color. At other times, it’s like washing down buttermilk with bock. There were passages when the textures became so claggy that I found myself longing for one of Schoenberg’s auditorium-clearing twelve-tone masterpieces that are at least held on a tighter leash, compellingly-argued at a fraction of the length.

    Furthermore, there is a tendency in parts for his work here to slide into vulgarization. In Schoenberg’s arrangement, the march that emerges from the third movement is not inspiring, as it is in Brahms’ original, but crass, I suppose the way many marches are when played by ceremonial bands. Brahms’ music can be earthy on occasion, but he is never vulgar, not even when incorporating drinking songs into his “Academic Festival Overture.”

    On the other hand, at those moments when Schoenberg really swings for the fences and brings in xylophones and glockenspiels, so that the ersatz gypsy czardases of the work’s final movement take on an almost cartoonish quality, it zings to life. As with Stokowski’s Bach, there’s an undeniable thrill in anticipating how garish and bizarre it will all become.

    Of course, all matters of questionable Schoenbergian taste aside, the orchestra played marvelously, under Rossen Milanov’s assured direction. Milanov has been music director of the PSO since 2009.

    The concert opened with a brief but attractive work by Bulgarian composer Dobrinka Tabakova, “Orpheus’ Comet.” Suggesting the form of a toccata and unfolding in a swirl of orchestral bees (in Virgil’s “Georgics,” Eurydice is pursued by a bee-keeper, prior to the fatal snake-bite that sends her to the underworld), the work is sensitively orchestrated and full of interesting colors. It culminates in a quotation of Monteverdi’s famous fanfare from his opera “L’Orfeo.” Even without the stunt payoff, the piece is a lot of fun, and at five minutes it does not outstay its welcome. Tabakova clearly understands what Schoenberg did not – that brevity is the soul of wit.

    These are just a few of my impressions. You should hear my George Burns. (Say goodnight, Gracie.) You’ll have a chance to draw your own conclusions when the program is repeated at Princeton University’s Richardson Auditorium this afternoon at 4:00. For more information, visit princetonsymphony.org.


  • Halloween Music on KWAX

    Halloween Music on KWAX

    by 

    in
    5 responses

    This week on “Sweetness and Light,” we’ll be cutting holes in Mom’s best sheets for a light music trick-or-treat. Join me for 13 ghostly premonitions of a holiday I am happy to say I never outgrew.

    We’ll enjoy Halloween songs, selections from Halloween film scores, Halloween piano miniatures, and Halloween light music classics about a haunted ballroom, an ostracized imp, and a devil’s ride, all lovingly curated by you-know-who. Nothing too terribly terrible. It’s all in good fun. There will be no cowering before this disarming parade of spirits, reanimated corpses, witches, bogeymen, demons, and necromancers!

    I’ve carefully examined all the candy for pins and razor blades, so you mustn’t hesitate to indulge. It will be Smarties® and peanut butter cups for breakfast, when you join me for “Sweetness and Light,” this Saturday morning at 11:00 EDT/8:00 PDT, exclusively on KWAX, the radio station of the University of Oregon!

    Stream it wherever you are at the link:

    https://kwax.uoregon.edu/

    Aaah-OOOOOO!


  • French Halloween Music the Lost Chord

    French Halloween Music the Lost Chord

    by 

    in
    3 responses

    On the whole the French don’t really celebrate Halloween (too American), but if you find one who does, don’t say “trick or treat.” Rather, demand “Des bonbons ou un sort!” – candy or a spell.

    While France might not be down with the whole Halloween thing, many of the country’s great artists, writers, and composers could totally conjure a Halloween vibe. Think Odilon Redon’s “The Smiling Spider,” Charles Baudelaire’s “Les Fleurs du mal,” or Camille Saint-Saëns’ “Danse macabre.”

    This week on “The Lost Chord,” we’ll have three pieces of French music totally suitable for the season.

    Maurice Ravel’s “Gaspard de la Nuit” (“Gaspard of the Night”) – musical responses to the weird and sinister poetry of Aloysius Bertrand – is a suite of creepy impressions of (1) a flirtatious water spirit, (2) a hanged man at sunset against the backdrop of a tolling bell, and (3) a vampiric dwarf named Scarbo. Gina Bachauer will be the pianist, and Sir John Gielgud will preface each of the movements with recitations of the Bertrand poems.

    Claude Debussy was enthralled by the writings of Edgar Allan Poe, which he knew through Baudelaire’s translations. At the time of his death, he left incomplete sketches for two operas after Poe stories – “The Fall of the House of Usher” and “The Devil in the Belfry.” We’ll hear fragments of the former, conducted by Georges Prêtre.

    Finally, we’ll listen to the third of the “Etudes in Minor Keys,” subtitled “Scherzo Diabolico,” by Charles-Valentin Alkan. Alkan, a sometimes neighbor of Chopin and Georges Sand, shared a home with his illegitimate son, two apes, and a hundred cockatoos. Franz Liszt is alleged to have commented, “Alkan had the finest technique I had ever known, but preferred the life of a recluse.”

    Best known is the story surrounding the circumstances of his death: while reaching for a copy of the Talmud, situated on a high shelf of a heavy bookcase, the case let go and crushed Alkan beneath it. It’s been suggested that the composer actually collapsed while in the kitchen – but when the legend becomes fact, print the legend. We’ll hear his etude in a recording by the late Michael Ponti.

    I hope you’ll join me for “Jacques o’ Lanterns” – lurid music by French composers for Halloween on “The Lost Chord,” now in syndication on KWAX, the radio station of the University of Oregon!


    Clip and save the start times for all three of my recorded shows:

    PICTURE PERFECT, the movie music show – Friday at 8:00 PM EDT/5:00 PM PDT

    SWEETNESS AND LIGHT, the light music program – Saturday at 11:00 AM EDT/8:00 AM PDT

    THE LOST CHORD, unusual and neglected rep – Saturday at 7:00 PM EDT/4:00 PM PDT

    Stream them, wherever you are, at the link!

    https://kwax.uoregon.edu/


  • Benita Valente Soprano Passes Away at 91

    Benita Valente Soprano Passes Away at 91

    by 

    in
    2 responses

    I am so very sorry to learn of the death of soprano Benita Valente. Valente, who only just turned 91 on October 19, died at her home in Philadelphia yesterday.

    Despite her unfailingly pure sound, no one could ever accuse her of lacking versatility. She was praised for her Mozart heroines. Over the course of her career, she sang Pamina 200 times, including at the Metropolitan Opera, belatedly (she’d already sung the role for some 20 years), beginning in 1973. She also impressed with her Gilda in Verdi’s “Rigoletto,” her Violetta in Verdi’s “La traviata,” and her Mimi in Puccini’s “La bohème.”

    But her voice was also ideally suited to Bach cantatas and lieder recitals encompassing a broad swath of the repertoire, including songs of Schubert, Schumann, and Wolf.

    She received a Grammy Award for her recording of Arnold Schoenberg’s String Quartet No. 2 and was nominated for her recording of Haydn’s “Seven Last Words of Christ,” both with the Juilliard String Quartet.

    Composers who wrote music specifically for her include William Bolcom, Alberto Ginastera, John Harbison, Libby Larsen, and Richard Wernick.

    I was lucky to have heard her sing Handel’s Ginevra opposite Tatiana Troyanos’ Ariodante with the Opera Company of Philadelphia in 1989. It seemed the two singers were pretty much joined at the hip during that period.

    But of course, it is in the classic recording of Schubert’s “The Shepherd on the Rock,” with clarinetist Harold Wright and pianist Rudolf Serkin, that she had really touched my heart.

    She was married to Anthony Checchia, founding artistic director of the Philadelphia Chamber Music Society and administrator for the Marlboro Music Festival, who died last year at the age of 94.

    Valente was so much a musical presence – and a source of Philadelphia pride for so long – that her passing is inconceivable.

    R.I.P.


    Schubert, “The Shepherd on the Rock”

    Brahms, “Liebeslieder Waltzes,” with alto Marlena Kleinman, tenor (later beloved radio host) Wayne Conner, bass (also Valente’s teacher) Martial Sigher, and pianists Serkin and Leon Fleisher

    Handel, “Lascia ch’io pianga” from “Rinaldo”

    Handel, “Radamisto”


    PHOTO: Valente (front left) with Tatiana Troyanos in “Ariodante” at Santa Fe Opera in 1987


Tag Cloud

Aaron Copland (93) Beethoven (95) Composer (114) Film Music (125) Film Score (143) Film Scores (255) Halloween (94) John Williams (189) KWAX (229) Leonard Bernstein (101) Marlboro Music Festival (125) Movie Music (140) Opera (202) Philadelphia Orchestra (89) Picture Perfect (174) Princeton Symphony Orchestra (106) Radio (87) Ralph Vaughan Williams (85) Ross Amico (244) Roy's Tie-Dye Sci-Fi Corner (290) The Classical Network (101) The Lost Chord (268) Vaughan Williams (103) WPRB (396) WWFM (881)

DON’T MISS A BEAT

Receive a weekly digest every Sunday at noon by signing up here


RECENT POSTS